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Nutrition

CAFFEINE DOSE-RESPONSE

The performance-benefit curve of caffeine for endurance cycling. Research converges on 3-6 mg/kg body mass taken 30-60 minutes before exercise, with diminishing returns and rising side effects above 6 mg/kg.

Caffeine enhances endurance performance by blocking adenosine receptors, reducing perceived exertion, and improving substrate utilisation. A 70kg rider's sweet spot is 210-420mg — roughly 2-4 espressos or a sports-nutrition capsule. Habitual caffeine users see smaller acute benefits; cycling through a 5-7 day washout before key events restores responsiveness. Anecdotal tolerance varies widely. Dose timing matters: for longer events, an initial dose plus smaller top-ups every 2-3 hours is more effective than a single large dose.