WHY THIS HAPPENS
Skin blood flow redirects blood from working muscles to cooling — reducing power at a given HR
Fluid losses and excessive drinking can both compound an already difficult heat-management problem
Core temp rise slows pacing as the brain protects against hyperthermia
Sodium losses from sweat disproportionate for heavy sweaters
No progressive exposure to conditions representative of the target event
Poor clothing choices — dark kit, no ventilation, hot lids
Over-pacing early — a 'normal' early-ride effort becomes a heat disaster 90 minutes in