WHY THIS HAPPENS
Skin blood flow redirects blood from working muscles to cooling — reducing power at a given HR
Dehydration compounds the blood-volume squeeze (~1% body mass loss = ~2% power loss)
Core temp rise slows pacing as the brain protects against hyperthermia
Sodium losses from sweat disproportionate for heavy sweaters
No heat acclimation — the body adapts within 10-14 days, but only if you train in the heat
Poor clothing choices — dark kit, no ventilation, hot lids
Over-pacing early — a 'normal' early-ride effort becomes a heat disaster 90 minutes in