WHY THIS HAPPENS
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Skin blood flow redirects blood from working muscles to cooling — reducing power at a given HR
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Dehydration compounds the blood-volume squeeze (~1% body mass loss = ~2% power loss)
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Core temp rise slows pacing as the brain protects against hyperthermia
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Sodium losses from sweat disproportionate for heavy sweaters
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No heat acclimation — the body adapts within 10-14 days, but only if you train in the heat
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Poor clothing choices — dark kit, no ventilation, hot lids
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Over-pacing early — a 'normal' early-ride effort becomes a heat disaster 90 minutes in